Biography of mammoths

Savva Mamontov Admin Mammoth dynasty became famous in a wide variety of fields: in the field of industrial, and, perhaps, especially in the field of art. The Mamontovs were railway, metallurgical and machine -building magnates. The mammoth family was very great, and second -generation representatives were no longer as rich as their parents, and in the third, the fragmentation of funds went even further.

The origin of their wealth was the naval fishing, which brought them closer to the notorious Kokorev. Therefore, when appearing in Moscow, they immediately entered the rich merchant environment. Of the famous Russian merchants of the First Guild, Mamontov was among those few who belonged to the Orthodox faith. The Mamontovs are the name of the traditionally Siberian, but the most reliable information about the ancestors of the dynasty has been preserved in the historical documents of the Tambov province.

In later sources, data appear about their trade activities. The main occupation of mammoths was the construction of Orthodox monasteries. Over time, representatives of this kind become enterprising and quite wealthy merchants. It is known that in the continuation of several generations, fate has repeatedly associated this family with the glorified clans of Sapozhnikov, Morozov, and Tretyakov - the most venerable Russian merchant dynasties.

So, Vsevolod Mamontov married Elena Sverbeeva, a representative of one of the oldest noble families. The Mamontov clan originates from Ivan Mamontov, which is only known that he was born in the year and that he had a son Fedor Ivanovich. Fedor Mamontov was born in the year and came from the bourgeois of the Kaluga province. He lived all his youth in Zvenigorod near Moscow, earning a living of wine trade, so that his sons were already rich people.

He was engaged in charity: a monument on his grave in Zvenigorod was erected in gratitude for help in restoring the city after the invasion of the French during the Patriotic War of the year. He had three sons - Ivan, Mikhail and Nikolai. Michael, apparently, was not married, in any case, he did not leave offspring. The other two brothers were the ancestors of the two branches of the venerable and large mammoth family.

Ivan Fedorovich Mamontov was born in the year. However, he did not live long, leaving behind three children, and was known as a rather successful business person. Ivan Fedorovich belonged to the top ten largest wine farmers in Russia, whose income exceeded two million dollars. He was engaged in winery in Siberia - first in Shadrinsk, then in Yalutorovsk, and in the year he moved with his family to Moscow.

Ivan Fedorovich went from a provincial merchant to the top of Moscow entrepreneurship, and in the year was elevated to hereditary honorary citizenship. In addition to trade, he was seriously engaged in construction. Such was the main experience of involving Russian private capital in a little -studied business. Engineer and industrialist Fedor Vasilievich Chizhov, looking at the mammoth Sr., invited him to build his own railway.

The idea is impudent, because for its implementation it was necessary to invest serious money: the cost of laying only one railway verst reached thousands of rubles. In a word, considerable funds were required, especially if we take into account the scale of Russia. Having examined the most lively roads leading to Moscow, future companions considered such a tract from the Trinity-Sergius Lavra.

But the preparatory work did not end there. At the entrance to Moscow, near the Krestovskaya outpost, they set up a camping tent, a sliding table and several weeks, replacing each other, day and night recorded a cart with cargo, with sidelines, empty runs. Scrupulous calculations showed good prospects. And soon the work boiled on the site of the tent; The newly made company - the Trinity Railway - pulled the rails 66 miles from Moscow, to Sergiev Posad.

The companions received concession at the end of the year, and after just four years, he vainly booming, tapping the rails, a brand new steam locomotive. The costs paid off with more than. Already in the year, thousands were transported along the Trinity Railway. Ivan Mamontov achieved this result due to his thoroughness and calculation. It was marketing of the XIX century.

After Ivan, the family business was continued by his brother Nikolai. And the next was the son of Ivan - Savva, the most outstanding figure from the mammoth dynasty. Savva Mamontov was born on October 15 in the distant Zauralsky town of Yalutorovsk Tobolsk province. The mammoth family lived richly: she rented a luxurious mansion, arranged receptions, balls. The lifestyle of the mammoths was not typical of the capitalists of those times, I.

Mamontov had no connections and dating in Moscow. In the year, the mother of Savva Mamontova - Maria Tikhonovna died. The mammoth family moved to a simpler, but more spacious house.

In the year, Savva, along with his cousins ​​Viktor and Valerian, was given to the gymnasium and studied there for a year without much success.Seeing this, his father identified him at the St. Petersburg Institute of Corps of Civil Engineers of the Mountain Institute, whose students received both engineering and military knowledge. In August, Savva, along with cousins, was enrolled in the corps.

At this time, their fathers, Ivan and Nikolai Mamontov, decided to create an oil trade company. Savva demonstrated good behavior, but had a line to get involved in the objects interesting to him, ignoring others: so, quickly learned the German language and having excellent points on it, he received two and three in Latin. He did not differ in education with success than caused his father's concern.

Due to the Scarlatina epidemic, I. Mamontov took his son to Moscow, and Savva returned to the second gymnasium, where he studied earlier. The family moved to a new house and acquired the Kireevo estate of Khimki near Moscow. In the year, some of the Decembrists who received an amnesty stopped at the Mamontov House. Starting from the year, Savva regularly visited the theater and expressed his opinion about the staged stakes.

He acted as a curl in the “thunderstorm”, where the author himself played the role of the wild - A. Savva's family arranged evenings, where discussions of performances and books, singing, musicalization were held. At first, Ivan Fedorovich was pleased with his son, went to performances, but then, seeing how great Savva’s interest in the stage was sent away from theatrical temptations - to Persia - to learn to trade.

In the year, Savva could not stand the exam in Latin and was enrolled in re -training, which was heavily experienced both by him and his father. Latin for Savva was handed over to another young man, and Savva himself entered the University of St. Petersburg, then transferring to the law faculty of Moscow University. In the year, Savva, at the insistence of his father, took up entrepreneurial activity.

Mamontov took up the construction of railways. In the summer of the year, the Trinity Railway was launched. Ivan Fedorovich was elected a member of the board of this road. Savva was more fond of theater, entered the theater circle. Savva’s father was anxious about his idle hobbies. Savva himself studied at the university worse. Seeing this, Ivan Fedorovich Mamontov decided to send Savva in the affairs of the Trans -Caspian partnership he was his co -founder in Baku.

In the fall of the year, Savva Mamontov began to lead the Central Moscow branch of the partnership. In the year, Savva visited Italy, where he began to take singing lessons. The successor of the affairs of the mammoth trading house was a beautiful opera voice. After short classes with local teachers, he received an invitation to one of the Milan theaters to debut in two bass parties in the operates of Bellinini and Lucretia Borgia.

But, having heard about the successes of his son, his father urgently withdrew him to Moscow, and only this call prevented the debut of the Russian merchant on the Milan opera stage. By the way, this hobby did not affect Mamontov’s commerce: having returned to Moscow, Savva took off the building on Ilyinka and opened his own business - trading in Italian silk. In Italy, he also met with the daughter of the Moscow merchant Grigory Grigoryevich Sapozhnikov - Elizabeth, who later became his wife, the wedding took place in the year in Kireevo.

The Sapozhnikov family occupied a high position in society, and the consent to marriage was a confirmation of the strength of the mammoth positions. Elizabeth was about 17 years old, she did not differ in special beauty, but she loved to read, sang, and was engaged in music. Savva became a companion of Sapozhnikov. The young family settled in a house on Sadovaya-Spasskaya Street, purchased by the father of Savva Mamontov.

This mansion has repeatedly been rebuilt. A few years later, Savva Ivanovich again left for Italy - to Rome, where this time his other talent was revealed. The sculptor Mark Antokolsky, whom Mamontov met in Rome, answered in a letter to the criticism of Stasov about an unusual merchant: “He is one of the most lovely people with artistic nature ... Having arrived in Rome, he began to sculpt - the success was unusual!

Here you have a new sculptor! I must say that if he continues, and will take care of the art freely at least a year, then the hopes for it are very large. ” Of course, Savva Mamontov could not leave things and do only sculpture, but he carried interest in it through his whole life. How exactly his inheritance was distributed is unknown. But Kireevo and most of the capital went to the older brother of Savva - Fedor Ivanovich, who at that time was already seriously ill and could not do business himself.

Mamontov was a major shareholder and director of the Society of the Moscow-Yaroslavl Railway, headed by Fedor Vasilyevich Chizhov. Always sympathetic to the young Mamontov, Chizhov took him under his guardianship: he put it up to date, explained the device of a complex mechanism of trade and industrial relations, introduced the features of the enterprise management.

In the year, according to his recommendations, Savva took the post of director of the Society of the Moscow-Yaroslavl Railway. Savva Mamontov is elected to the vowel of the City Duma and a full member of the Society of Fans of Commercial Knowledge, becomes a recognized member of the Moscow merchants. The heir to the control package of shares had the right to single -handedly make decisions, and Savva Ivanovich demonstrated in business, how important it is to be an artist in his business, to see and realize what no one sees yet.

The first decision of the new owner of the road was to pull the road further, from Yaroslavl to Kostroma. This caused bewilderment for many: why do we need Kostroma, who will go to this wilderness? If you build, then to the West, to Europe, and not in the "bear corners of Russia." But Mamontov looked further.