Kruzenshtern Biography

Latest news biography Ivan Kruzenshtern is known as a navigator, discoverer and writer. He was a member of the scientific communities and foreign academies, the author of the updated Atlas of the South Sea, a traveler and director of the Sea Cadet Corps. The portrait of Ivan Kruzenshtern, Ivan Kruzenshtern, led the first round -the -world trip and testified on the map the voluminous part of Sakhalin coast.

He was one of the founders of the Russian Geographical Society. The name of this scientific and statesman named the Strait on the Kuril Islands, the passage between the islands in the Korean Strait, the mountain on the New Earth, the islands located on the Tuamota archipelago and in the Bering Strait. Childhood and youth The real name of the admiral and the sailor - Adam Johann von Kruzenshtern.

The future researcher and representative of the old German kind of Kruzenshtern was the 7th child in the family. The boy was born in November.

Ivan Kruzenshtern in his youth, the kind of Russified Germans gave Europe several prominent figures. Adam received a new name thanks to peers who converted him into the Russian manner. And the dreams of the sea inherited from his uncle, whose stories often listened. The boy read books about sea battles and dreamed of campaigns on the ship. Having an education at the city school of Revel, he entered his training at the Marine Cadet Corps, located in Kronstadt.

The educational institution was distinguished by ascetic conditions of existence for the pupils, and it was not easy for a future sailor from a noble family to come to terms with them. Nevertheless, for the efforts in the year, Kruzenshtern was promoted to midshipmen. The fleet and expeditions ended in the year, as Russia entered the war with Sweden. The young man was sent to a ship called Mstislav.

On this ship, Kruzenshtern distinguished himself in the Battle of Golund and Elensky battle. In M, the young man received the title of lieutenant and recognition of achievements in sea battles. In the year, along with Yuri Lisyansky, Kruzenshtern left Russia as intended leadership and went to England. Ivan Kruzenshtern and Yuri Lisyansky, there he served for 6 years. On the British ship, the conqueror of the seas visited the coast of North and South America, visited the Surins, Bermuda and Barbados.

The return to Russia in the year was marked for the sailor by a project related to trade with India. A round -the -world expedition was seen the traveler with an actual option for probing the soil in this matter. But at his request in the Admiralty, Kruzenshtern was refused. The state, which was in military relations with France, did not have finances, and the discoverer itself was not known to anyone.

The request of the navigator was satisfied in the year on the initiative of the higher authorities, guided by the interests of Alexander I. On the built route, Nadezhda and Neva ships passed. The vessels left the port of Kronstadt and fell into the Atlantic Ocean, then went around Cape Horn, examined Kamchatka, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. In the travel journal, Kruzenshtern noted interesting facts, features of the geography of the places visited and the description of the coast, the culture and economy of the land where it visited.

The head of the expedition was officially listed as an ambassador Nikolai Ryazanov. Together with the guest of the ship Fedor Tolstoy, he delivered a lot of trouble to Kruzenshtern. The eccentric Count Tolstoy brought the situation to the point that he was planted in Kamchatka. Ryazanov filed a complaint against Kruzenshtern in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and she was satisfied.

Scientific and state activities returning from a trip around the world, Kruzenshtern devoted himself to another direction in work. Since the year, he served as an inspector of the classes of the Marine Cadet Corps and in parallel conducted scientific activity. The researcher has prepared instructions for a trip around the trip planned for years. Ivan Fedorovich made all the necessary purchases in England, preparing the leader, Otto Kotcube, for swimming, and he took a vacation to write the Atlas of the South Sea.

Kruzenshtern for him prepared a collection of comments explaining his works. Admiral Ivan Kruzenshtern in the year the sailor became the director of the naval cadet corps and held this position for 16 years. He was also accepted into the Admiralty-Soviet, and a year later in members of Moscow University. Kruzenshtern made an invaluable contribution to the development of marine and research.

Thanks to his initiative in the Cadet Corps, new disciplines appeared, and the libraries were replenished with relevant materials and manuals for study. The officer class was opened. The biography of a scientific figure and admiral is firmly connected with the sea. Even having gone to his estate in the year, he continued to conduct active activities, establishing the Russian geographical community with the companions.

Personal life Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern was an enviable groom. At 30, he fell in love with Julia von Taube der Lesen, who was 10 years younger than a fan. The orphan and the incomparable beauty was blessed by the attention of the officer, since she had no attached.The union could not take place, since relatives read the girl to the wife of a rich landowner, thoroughly approaching life, and not a traveler living by the sea.

Ivan Kruzenshtern personal life of Kruzenshtern has developed successfully. Mutual feelings broke out between him and his chosen one, and, despite all the obstacles, a wedding took place on September 14. A year later, the wife gave birth to Kruzenshtern son Otto, who was called Nikolai in the family. This event coincided with the appointment of a man by the head of a round -the -world expedition.

The authorities entrusted with Ivan Fedorovich great hopes. Having left the family, Kruzenshtern called one of the ships “hope” in consolation to his wife. Together they lived on Cape Ass, in the Estonian estate, belonging to the ensemble Lyuena-Virumaa. The sons of the admiral became pupils of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Everyone built an interesting career and became the pride of his father.

The monument to Ivan Kruzenshtern Ivan Fedorovich loved pets very much, his spaniel often became a companion of the admiral in travels. The ritual of scratching the ears of the pet allegedly brought good luck in swimming. Kruzenshtern was a patriot and a generous person. Despite the modest state, he sacrificed a third of him to create a militia during the Patriotic War of the year.

Death Ivan Kruzenshtern died in August, while in his estate. The cause of death was quite natural: the admiral was at an advanced age - 75 years. By decree of the sovereign, he was buried in Revel, in the Tallinn Domestic Church. The grave of Ivan Kruzenshtern left by him is the basis for studying marine affairs in modern specialized universities. Traveler portraits today can be found in textbooks.

His son Pavel and grandson Pavel Pavlovich followed in the footsteps of a famous relative and also became sailors. Their merit was the study of the Asian coast, the Ob North, the islands of the Pechersky Territory and the Caroline Islands. The icebreaker "Ivan Kruzenshtern" is today an icebreaker, named after Ivan Kruzenshtern, runs along the waterways between St.

Petersburg and the Baltic Sea, cleansing the passage for ships.