Biography of Mikhail Frunze

Interesting facts biography Mikhail Frunze - a revolutionary, the Bolshevik, the commander of the Red Army, a participant in the civil war, theorist of military disciplines. This statesman stood on a par with such bright and large figures of Soviet history as Lev Trotsky, Clement Voroshilov, Vasily Chapaev and others.

The man was not afraid to take risks and did not stop the difficulties that could stop his ideas about a better life for the country. Childhood and Youth Mikhail was born on January 21 on February 2 in the city of Pishpek now Bishkek in the family of Feldsher Vasily Mikhailovich Frunze, Moldavian by nationality. After graduating from the Moscow Medical School, the boy was sent for the army service to Turkestan, where he remained.

Her family in the middle of the 19th century moved to Turkmenistan. All the children of Frunze have studied in the gymnasium of the now true city of Almaty. Archive family photos have been preserved. The older children Konstantin, Mikhail and Claudia at the end of the middle link earned gold medals. Mikhail, trying to get a higher education, continued his studies at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, where he entered the year.

Already in the first semester, the young man became interested in revolutionary ideas and joined the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party, where he joined the Bolsheviks. The revolution in November Frunze was arrested for participating in a provocative action. During the manifestation of January 9, in St. Petersburg, he was injured in his hand. Throwing his studies, Mikhail escaped from the persecution of the authorities to Moscow, and then to Shu, where he headed a strike of textiles in May of the same year.

The young man met Vladimir Lenin in the year when he was in Stockholm. The partner was known under the pseudonym Comrade Arseny, Trifonych, Mikhailov, Vasilenko. Under the leadership of the future commander of the Red Army, the first Council of Workers' Deputies was created, which was engaged in the spread of anti -government leaflets. Frunze headed city rallies and made weapons captures.

Mikhail was not afraid to use terrorist methods of struggle. The young revolutionary stood at the head of the armed uprising on Presnya in Moscow, captured the Shuisky printing house with the use of weapons, attacked the police officer Nikita Perelov with the aim of killing. In the year he received a death sentence, which at the request of the public was replaced by hard labor.

After 4 years, Frunze was sent to a permanent place of residence in the village of Manzurka of the Irkutsk province, from where he fled to Chita in the year. Under the name of Vasilenko, the rebel worked for some time in the local edition of the Transbaikal Review. Changing the passport to the last name Mikhailov, he moved to Belarus, where he got a statistics at the Zemsky Union Committee on the Western Front.

The purpose of Frunze's stay in the Russian army was the spread of revolutionary ideas among the military. In Minsk, Mikhail Vasilievich headed the underground cell. Over time, among the Bolsheviks, the reputation of a specialist in militarized actions was fixed after him. In early March, the activist prepared the armed capture by the squads of the working police department of Minsk.

Archives of the detective department, weapons and ammunition fell into the hands of revolutionaries, then they captured several more state institutions. After the success of the operation, Mikhail Vasilyevich was appointed as a temporary head of the Minsk police. Under the leadership of Frunze, the release of the party newspaper began. In August, the military was transferred to Shu, where he took up the post of chairman of the Council of People's Deputies, the district Zemstvo council and the city council.

The Bolshevik met the revolution in Moscow, on the barricades near the Metropol Hotel. After the revolution, two months after the success of the uprising, the revolutionary received the post of head of the party cell of the Ivanovo-Voznesen province. He was engaged in Frunze and the affairs of the military commissariat. The Civil War allowed Mikhail Vasilievich to fully show the organizational abilities that he acquired during the revolutionary activity.

After such a significant victory, Frunze received the Order of the Red Banner. Often the military leader could be seen on a horse at the head of the army, which helped him form a positive reputation among the Red Army. In June, Frunze received a contusion near Ufa. In July, Mikhail Vasilievich headed the Eastern Front, but a month later he received a task south, which included Turkestan and the territory of Akhtuba.

Until September, the commander conducted successful operations on the front line. Repeatedly Frunze gave guarantees for the preservation of life to those counter -revolutionaries who were ready to go over to the side of the Reds. Mikhail Vasilievich advocated a humane attitude towards prisoners, which caused dissatisfaction with higher ranks. In the fall of the year, a planning offensive by the Reds began on the army of Wrangel, which was located in the Crimea and North Tavria.

During the Crimean fights, Mikhail Vasilievich was injured. After the defeat of the white detachments of Frunze attacked the former comrades -in -arms of counter -revolutionaries - the brigades of the Old Man Makhno, Yuri Tyutyunnik and Simon Petlyura. In the year, the Red Commander entered the Central Committee of the RCP b.In m at the October Plenum of the Central Committee, where the alignment of forces between Leo Trotsky and the triumvirate of Joseph Stalin, Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev, supported the latter, made a report against the activities of Trotsky.

Mikhail Vasilievich accused the People’s Commissar for Military Affairs of the Red Army collapse and the absence of a clear military personnel training system. The main merit of the statesman during this period can be considered the conduct of military reform, the purpose of which was to reduce the number of the Red Army and the reorganization of the command staff.

Frunze introduced the unity of unity of unity, the territorial system of division of troops, participated in the creation of two independent structures within the army - permanent units and mobile police detachments. Theoretical developments of tactics and fighting strategies laid down by a military leader were fully implemented during the Second World War. Personal life about the personal life of the red military leader before the revolution is not known anything.

Mikhail Frunze married only after 30 years the daughter of the Narodnoye Sofya Alekseevna Popova. In the year, the daughter of Tatyana was born in the family, three years later - the son of Timur. After the death of their parents, the grandmother took the children to educate. When my grandmother was gone, the brother and sister fell into the family of a friend Mikhail Vasilievich - Klima Voroshilov.

After graduation, Timur entered the flight school, during the war he served as a fighter pilot. He died at the age of 19 in the sky over the Novgorod region. Posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. My daughter Tatyana graduated from the chemical and technological institute, during the war she worked in the rear. She married Lieutenant General Anatoly Pavlov, from whom she gave birth to two children-the son of Timur and daughter Elena.

The descendants of Mikhail Frunze live in Moscow. The granddaughter is engaged in chemistry. Death in the fall of the year Mikhail Frunze turned to doctors about the treatment of stomach ulcers. The military leader was appointed a simple operation, after which he died suddenly on October 31. The official cause of death was blood poisoning. The first was suspected, because he, according to rumors, did not like the military leader, the second - because the revolutionary took his place as the People's Commissariat of Foreign Service.

Later, data appeared that death overtook Mikhail Vasilievich due to unprofessional actions of anesthesiologists. Before the surgery, the statesman was put into a state of sleep through the air, but since the drug acted poorly on the patient, they decided to add chloroform. The combination of these components of anesthesia enhanced the cardiotoxic effect, perhaps the doctors incorrectly calculated the doses of substances.

This supposedly influenced the fact that the body of the revolutionary could not cope with the load. A year later, the wife of Mikhail Vasilyevich committed suicide. After the death of the military leader, the memory was named after the streets, settlements, geographical facilities, motor ships, squadron destroyers and cruisers. Photos of the commander of the Red Army are posted in textbooks on the new history.

In particular, Mikhail Lanttsov published a number of books on the biography of the statesman. The unofficial version of the death of Frunze was taken as the basis for Boris Pilnyak's work “The Tale of the Walked Moon” and the memoirs of the emigrant Boris Bazhanov “Memories of the former secretary of Stalin”. A number of brands with his image were released to the anniversaries of Mikhail Vasilyevich.

In M in Czechoslovakia, a ship was created by the name of the military leader. The name of Mikhail Vasilyevich is associated with the Day of the Belarusian police, which is celebrated annually on March 4. On this day, in M ​​Frunze, however, under the name of Mikhail Mikhailov, he took office as a temporary police chief to protect the legality in the city. And although the revolutionary did not last long in the capital of Belarus, it is believed that it was he who laid the foundation for the work of local law enforcement.

The image of the military leader appeared in Soviet and Russian films performed by different actors. Among them, Roman Khomyatov, who played Frunze in 11 paintings, took a special place. In honor of the revolutionary, the parents named the artist Frunzik Mkrtchyan. Close actor claimed that he had 2 passports: one with the name Frunze, the second with the name Mger, as the celebrity was called at home.