Biography of Ekaterina Romanov

In the city, she accepted Orthodoxy and, at baptism, received the name of Ekaterina Alekseevna, and in the city immediately after the arrival of Russia, Ekaterina began to study the Russian language, history, and Russian traditions. Later, she turned to reading the works of French enlighteners and works on philosophy, jurisprudence and economics, becoming a supporter of the ideas of education.

Due to the threat of arrest and possible expulsion, Catherine decided to participate in the coup, relying on the support of the Orlov brothers, Counts N. Panin and K. on the night of June 28, July 9, Catherine Secretly arrived in Petersburg and in the barracks of the Izmailovsky regiment was proclaimed the autocratic empress. In the early years of reign, Catherine II carried out the reform of the Senate; conducted a secularization of church lands, which significantly replenished the state treasury and facilitated the position of a million peasants; liquidated hetmanism in Ukraine, which corresponded to its ideas about the need to unify management throughout the empire; I invited foreigners to Russia to master the Volga region and the Black Sea region.

The empress carried out important transformations in the military, social and financial spheres.

In September, G. Catherine wrote for the Commission the “Propes”, which was the liberal program of her reign. In the same year, the provincial reform was carried out, which introduced a new administrative-territorial division of the country. Catherine II published famous legislative acts - complained letters to cities and the nobility. For the Russian nobility, the Catherine document meant the legal consolidation of almost all of the nobles of rights and privileges, including exemption from the mandatory public service.

The letter of the cities established new elected city institutions, expanded the circle of voters and fixed the basics of self -government. In subsequent years, the empress also continued to develop plans for serious transformations in the field of education. The highest command of Ekaterina the Great approved the construction project of the building of the first public library in St.

Petersburg. During her reign, the Russian Empress conducted two successful wars against the Ottoman Turks of the Russian-Turkish wars. Having headed the alliance with Austria and Prussia, Catherine participated in the three sections of Poland. At the end of the year. However, Russia successfully coped with both opponents. The era of Empress Catherine the Great is marked by the appearance of a galaxy of outstanding statesmen, commanders, writers, artists.

Among them, a special place was occupied by Adjutant General I. Shuvalov; Count P. Rumyantsev-Zadunaysky; Admiral V. Chichagov; Generalissimo A. Suvorov; Field Marshal G. Potemkin; Enlightener, book publisher N. Novikov; The historian, archaeologist, artist, writer, collector A. Olenin, president of the Russian Academy E. On the morning of November 6, Catherine II died and was buried in the tomb of the Peter and Paul Cathedral.

77 years after the death of Catherine in St. Petersburg on Alexandrinskaya Square now, Ostrovsky Square was solemnly opened by a monument to the great empress. History of Catherine II. Her life and works: Sat. Izvestia, written by Princess John-Elizabeth of the Angalt-Tserbst, mother of Empress Catherine, about her arrival with her daughter to Russia and about celebrations on the occasion of joining Orthodoxy and marriage of the latter.

The life and fate of Empress Catherine the Great. Catherine the Second and her diplomacy.