The biography of Tsiolkovsky

The man and universe of the biography of K. Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky was born in the year in the Russian village of Izhevskoye Ryazan province, in the family of the Polish nobleman, who served in the department of state property. In the year, the Tsiolkovsky family moved to Ryazan. At the age of 9, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky fell ill with Scarlatina.

As a result of complications after illness, he partially lost his hearing. This event had a huge impact on his future life. In the year, the Tsiolkovsky family moves to Vyatka. At the age of 12, Konstantin enters the gymnasium, but he is not given study, including because of poor hearing. To all this, the mother of Tsiolkovsky dies in the year, which even more closes the boy in himself.

And 3 years after receipt it is expelled from the gymnasium for poor performance and poor behavior. He begins to engage in education on his own. The only friends of the boy are books. Unlike gymnasium teachers, books generously dress him with knowledge and never make the slightest reproaches. At the same time, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky is attached to technical and scientific creativity.

And now, two years a year, for his father, his son’s abilities become obvious, and he decides to send a boy to Moscow to continue education. In Moscow, for 3 years, he independently and successfully studies chemistry, physics, astronomy, higher mathematics, analytical geometry. In the year, Tsiolkovsky, at the age of 19, returns to Vyatka, with a large baggage of knowledge and technical ideas.

It is from this moment that you can count the beginning of the enthusiasm of the Tsiolkovsky aerodynamics. In the year, the Tsiolkovsky family returns to Ryazan. In the year, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky built the world's first centrifugal machine the predecessor of modern centrifuges and conducted experiments with different animals on it. The weight of the red cockroach was increased by once, and the weight of the chicken was 10, without the slightest harm to them.

In the year, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky passes exams for the title of teacher of the county school and moves to Borovsk for their intended purpose from the Ministry of Education for his first state position. In the same year, Tsiolkovsky marries Barbara Evgrafovna Sokolova. The young couple begins to live separately, and the young scientist continues physical experiments and technical creativity.

In the house of Tsiolkovsky, electric lightning sparkles, thunder thunders, bells ring, paper dolls dance. At the same time, Tsiolkovsky independently develops the kinetic theory of gases and sends the manuscript to the Russian Physical and Chemical Society to St. Petersburg, shortly before Mendeleev. And soon he receives a response from Mendeleev: the kinetic theory of gases is already open, but even this seemingly failure brought Tsiolkovo fame in the world of science.

In the Russian physical and chemical society, they believed in the independence of the development of Tsiolkovsky and invited him to join this society. Tsiolkovsky is more and more attached to science and technology, finally choosing aerodynamics for himself, as a matter of life. From a practical point of view, he begins with an attempt to create an all -metal balloon.

But he does not manage to bring the matter to the implementation of the project. In the year, in the writings of the Society of Fans of Natural Science, a Tsiolkovsky article "The pressure of the fluid on the plane evenly moving in it" is published. In the year, the Tsiolkovsky family moves to Kaluga in connection with the reassignment of Konstantin Eduardovich in the service.

At this time, Tsiolkovsky begins to write articles and simply thoughts and stories. His fantastic story "On the Moon" is published. In the year, the magazine "Science and Life" publishes the work "Airplane or a bird -like aviation aircraft". In the year, Tsiolkovsky is building an aerodynamic pipe. This pipe became the second first in Russia built in St. Petersburg engineer Pashkevich to study ballistics issues.

Tsiolkovsky was the first to find the laws of flight with low speeds. He became one of the founders of the new science - experimental aerodynamics. Having finished mathematical notes, Tsiolkovsky mechanically set the date: May 10 of the year. Of course, he did not suspect for a second how much joy he would subsequently deliver the find of yellowed and crumpled sheets.

After all, having written the date of calculations, Tsiolkovsky, without knowing it, secured his championship in matters of the scientific development of space. In the year, the Academy of Sciences decided to help Tsiolkovsky in conducting aerodynamics experiments.

On the basis of experiments, Tsiolkovsky displays the formula that connects the required engine power with the aerodynamic resistance coefficient and lifting force. These works formed the basis of his work "The study of world spaces with reactive devices", the first part of which was published in the year in "scientific review".In this pioneering work, Tsiolkovsky fully proved the impossibility of entering the space on a balloon or with the help of an artillery gun, dedicated the dependence between the weight of the fuel and the weight of the missile structures to overcome the gravity force, expressed the idea of ​​the on -board orientation system in the sun or other heavenly luminaries, and analyzed the behavior of the rocket outside the atmosphere, in the medium, free of gravity.

True, the result of the first publication was not at all the one that Tsiolkovsky expected. Neither compatriots nor foreign scientists appreciated these studies. For the period from for the year, Konstantin Eduardovich published 16 articles on aeronautics and aerodynamics. In the year, the "Bulletin of the Aeronading" publishes the second part of the labor "study of world spaces with reactive devices." In it, Tsiolkovsky calculates the work to overcome the strength of earthly gravity, speed and flight time.

This time, the article by Tsiolkovsky made a lot of noise in the scientific world. Tsiolkovsky gained many friends in the world of science. In the year, an addition to this work comes out. This work is considered the most valuable work of Tsiolkovsky and enshrines its championship in the study of space technology issues. The socialist revolution in Russia changed Tsiolkovsky’s life for the better.

He gladly met changes in the political life of the country. The figure of Tsiolkovsky came to the court of the new leadership of the country. In the year, Tsiolkovsky’s great work “Study of world spaces by reactive devices” is published. Tsiolkovsky is considered one of the founders of the philosophical current called "cosmism." Over his life, Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky wrote more of various articles and works, and more ticks.

Quite a lot of them on the same topics, while others are generally repeated. More than the original works of more than considered, there are about 50 of them - philosophical and near philosophical, 15 scientific, near technical, and 40 of them on the theme of a metal airship, about 10 scientifically popular and somewhere as many fantastic stories. From about a year, he begins to write more and more philosophical works and has been turning to science less and less.

In the magazines, his old, slightly modified scientific and technical articles are mainly published. Throughout his life, Tsiolkovsky was almost obsessed with his metal airship, which he conceived at the age of Tie. All his life in his works, he tried to prove the possibility of creating such a airship. But the metal airship was never built.