Sylvanas biography

The son of a naval doctor. He graduated from the History and Philology Faculty of St. Petersburg University and was recommended "for preparation for professorship." At the same time he entered the service of the Foreign Ministry. The random failure of Pavlov-Silvansky on a master's test closed for him the possibility of faculty at state universities.

In years, he taught a course of Russian history in democratic educational institutions at the Higher Free School P. Lesgft and others. Since the year, Pavlov -Silvansky is a professor at the Department of History of Russian Law of Higher Women's Courses. In the year, he died suddenly from cholera. According to political views, Pavlov-Silvansky was a cadet; However, during the revolution of the year, his democratic sympathies began to appear clearly.

The work of S. Solovyov and Western European positivists had a great impact on the formation of his scientific views. In the X years, Pavlov-Silvansky experienced the influence of the sociological ideas of "legal Marxism." In his writings, Pavlov-Silvansky studied mainly the problems of feudalism in ancient Rus', the reform of Peter I and the history of social thought of centuries.

The main merit of Pavlov-Silvansky is that he proved the presence of a special feud in the history of Russian society. Pavlov-Silvansky understood the feudal system as the sum of political and legal phenomena. He considered his signs: 1 fragmentation of the country on domains-seniority; 2 Association of these possessions contractual vassal ties; 3 The presence of conditional land tenure.

The latter was not, in his opinion, an absolutely necessary sign of feudal relations. Pavlov-Silvansky also defined feudalism as a pre-state period, as a time of dominance of private law. He considered Boyarshchina-Seniority the main cell of the "feudal organism" this was an indirect reflection of Marxist ideas, but did not make this thesis the starting point of the analysis of feudal relations.

This led him to a sharp distinction between the feudal regime from the lordic, to understanding the first only as certain political relations. The feudal system in ancient Rus' was preceded, according to Pavlov-Silvansky, a communal period until the 12th century, the highest form of which were tribal orders. The feudal period lasted from the 12th century to a year.

During this period, the peasant community was enslaved by the lord. Pavlov-Silvansky pointed out the survivability of the communities at that time, the setties of the main groups of the population in all areas of north-eastern Rus', the restriction of the right to transition peasants even before the trial and the origin of immunity independent of the prince of the prince. The time of the years in Pavlov -Silvan - the period of state history of Russia.

Although he had the same social basis as the feudal, but was opposite to him. The state period passed two stages - the dominance of the Moscow estate monarchy to Peter I and the development of the absolute monarchy. He considered both of these forms of state power to be superclass, which, in his opinion, was also characteristic of Western Europe. At the 1st stage of the estate, they could still limit the autocratic power to a certain extent, which taxed the tractous of the Posad people and demanded military service from the nobles.

The 2nd stage is characterized by the advantage of the power of the monarch, who relied on the regular army, over "constrained its earlier than the power of classes." From the year, the transitional period from the old estate system began to a new free civil order. In the study of feudalism in Russia, the Pavlov-Silvansky widely used the comparative historical method, which was interpreted by him as the establishment of purely external similarity primarily state and political and legal institutions.

The studies of Pavlov-Silvansky about the reforms of Peter I and especially on the history of social thought and the liberation movement in Russia are important. Pavlov-Silvansky considered A. Radishchev the first Russian revolutionary. To the subsequent manifestations of the liberation struggle, he attributed the activities of the Decembrists, Narolians, Marxists and Social Democrats, Narodniks and Socialist-Revolutionaries.

In the history of the Decembrists, the manuscript of this work was lost to the activities of the Southern Society and, in particular, P. he devoted separate works to I. Pososhkov, A. Pushkin, the unrest of the peasants under Paul I and other topics. Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. Tom further read:.