Biography of the Malpigi Marcello

At the age of 17 he entered the University Bologna, graduated from, having received the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He took the position of professor at this university. Soon he became a professor of theoretical medicine of the University of Pisan and moved to Pisa for three years. In Pisa, he met Giovanni Borelli, who had a great influence on the views of the Malpiga.

Borelli developed the ideas of Jitrophisics, which considered physiological and anatomical phenomena from the point of view of mechanics. He returned to Malpigi to Bologna, with the university professor in Messina, then he was forced to return to Bologna University, where he taught practical medicine to taught medicine at the Papal College. Research most of the results of Malpigia research were published in the journal of the London Royal Society.

The first article was published in the editor of the magazine of the London Royal Society of Henry Oldenburg proposed the Malpiga to conduct regular correspondence. A year later, Malpigi became a member of the London Royal Society. In his studies, Malpigi was one of the first to use a microscope, which gave an increase to once. For the first time he watched the capillaries in the lungs and discovered the connection between arteries and veins, which William Harvey did not succeed, who described the large and small circles of blood circulation.

Exploring the structure of the silkworm, he opened the trachea - the respiratory organs of arthropods in the form of small air tubes piercing the body of the insect.

He watched the renal tubules, laying the first ideas about urination. He established the presence of ascending and descending currents in plants and expressed a guess of the role of leaves as an organs of plant nutrition. He described the lymphatic bodies of spaces, excretory organs of spider -shaped multi -leafy and insects, a rack layer of skin, blood cells, lung alveoli, tasting papers of the tongue, intestinal crypts, etc.

Using a microscope, he found organs at the stages of development of a chicken that previously failed to see the formed parts of the germ. The development of the embryo Malpigi considered from the point of view of the ideas of preformism, believing that the embryo is already in the formed state in the egg, and during the development there is only an increase in parts of the already formed organism.

Illustration from the book of Malpigi Anatomy of Plants, table XIX. In addition to anatomical studies, Malpigi studied the structure of plants. He published the results of his research in two -volume work “Anatomy of Plants”, published in - years - the most comprehensive microscopic study of plant anatomy at that time. Here he described the cell structure of the cells of the cell - “bags” and “bubbles” and identified the type of tissue - fibers.

His work, together with the difficulty of non -hemia Gru, served for more than years the only source of knowledge about the anatomy of plants. Some organs and structures opened by him are named after the Malpigi: the Malpigians of the Taurus in the kidneys and the spleen, the Malpigians layer in the skin, the Malpigia vessels in spider -shaped, multi -leafs and insects.

In the plant kingdom in honor of him, the genus Malpighia Plum is named. In addition to individual workings of work, the compositions of the Malpigia were collected under the name “Opera Omnia, Seu, Thesaurus locopletissimus Botanico-Medico-Antomicus: Viginti Quitor Tractatus Complentens etos Distributus, Quorum Tractatum Seriem Videere Est DEDICATIONE ABSOLUTA »London, and Leiden,; In addition, Opera Posthuma, et vita a Seipso scripta, London, and Opera Medica et Anatomica Varia, Malpigi died on November 30 from a stroke.