Russian poetry biography

It was not only an outstanding poet, but also a magnificent critic and theorist of literature. She brought her to Russia and gave Bunin a certain Major Mufel in the year, and before that, at the summer, Salha was an concubine in the harem of Turkish Pasha in Benders.

The future poet received the surname and patronymic from the poor landowner Andrei Grigoryevich Zhukovsky, who lived in the Bunins' house in the village. Mishensky Beloyovsky district of the Tula province. The unnatural role of the son of an imaginary father in the presence of the Father's Father and the position of the mother, who performed the duties of the maid in the Bunins' House - all this greatly affected the formation of the personality of the young Zhukovsky.

He later wrote: “I used to separate myself from everyone, because no one took a special part in me ... I was not left, abandoned, had a corner, but was not loved by anyone ...” Vasily Zhukovsky studied poorly, he was expelled from the Tula People’s School for poor performance, but from an early age he became interested in literature. Subsequently, after graduating from the Moscow university noble boarding house, Zhukovsky went to the scandal and almost a rebellion to avoid the service with a small official in the Moscow salt office, to which he was sent from the guesthouse.

He was even put under house arrest. After that, Summer Zhukovsky left Moscow and returned to his Mishenskoye, where he indulged in silence and complete solitude exclusively literary works, as well as the study of German and English literature. It was here that in the year his famous translation of the romantic elegy of the English poet Thomas Gray was born “rural cemetery”. It is believed that his publication has opened a new, post -brigades period in Russian poetry.

But genuine glory was brought to Zhukovsky ballads "Lyudmila" for the year and "Svetlana" - GG. These free arrangements of the ballads of the German poet G. Burger were the first, as they say now, “horror stories” in Russian poetry. The boards cracked terribly; The dust climbed; hoop clap; The coffin was opened quietly ... But at the same time-what a clearness, conciseness, captivating lightness of the verse!

I can hardly be mistaken if I say that thanks to Lyudmila and Svetlana Zhukovsky is known to most modern readers as a poet. This is injustice and justice at the same time. Belinsky spoke about the significance of Zhukovsky’s poetic work: “Zhukovsky is a literary Colombus of Russia, which discovered America of romanticism”; “We had to take the elements of our poetry in Europe and transfer them to our soil.

This great feat was made by Zhukovsky. ” But by the time the critic wrote this, the framework of romanticism has long been cramped for Russian literature. There was already a mighty national Russian poetry that did not fit in any “Izma”: Pushkin, Lermontov, Baratynsky, Tyutchev ... The modest Zhukovsky himself wrote about himself like this: “He enriched the whole set of concepts and poetic expressions, but did not produce a significant revolution.” From the year, the period of the court service of Zhukovsky begins - first as a reader under the widow of Paul I, Empress Maria Fedorovna, and with the teacher of the heir, the future king Alexander II.

I believe that the role of Zhukovsky in the formation of the personality of Tsarevich was very significant .. For example, in his youth, Alexander Nikolaevich was rude, and Zhukovsky wrote a letter to the empress that such behavior is incompatible with the purpose of the heir to the throne. After that, rarely someone heard from Tsesarevich, and then Emperor Alexander II, a rude word. Zhukovsky actively used his position at the court to help writers.

How masterly he “suggested” the heir to provide significant monetary assistance to Gogol! Zhukovsky petitioned the tsar and Tsarevich for writers regardless of his political sympathies and he was, as they say, "enlightened monarchist." He was busy with Herzen's Western, to be released from exile, and for the Slavophile I. Kireevsky, when the European magazine published by him was closed.

In it, Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky clearly outlined the essence of the writer's vocation: “The word in the sense of John belongs only to God; It is inaccessible to man; He has only words that the essence is nothing different, as the atoms of the comprehensive word of the word. ” But if at least one of these atoms is attached, according to Zhukovsky, “to the eternal, everything expressing the word, to God”, then the words drawn by the writer will connect in the chain and become part of the “Circle, which, according to Pascal, is everywhere, and the circle is nowhere else.”